Prevalence of Anti-HBc in HIV Patients on ART in Ekiti, Nigeria

Background: In HIV –infected individuals, anti-HBc which is an indicator of occult hepatitis B is a common phenomenon
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the sero-epidemiology and associated risk factors among HIV-infected individuals in Ikole Ekiti, Nigeria.
Study Population and Duration: HIV/AIDS individuals visiting Institute of Human Virology of Nigeria, Specialist Clinic, Ikole Ekiti between November 2012 and April 2013 were included in this study.
Methodology: One hundred and eighty eight HIV samples were tested for anti-Hepatitis B core antibody by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) {ANTICORASE MB-96 [TMB] from General Biological Corporation}. Data were analysed using software within SPSS packages.
Results: Twenty two (11.7%) of 188 HIV-infected patients had isolated anti-HBc. Co-infection of HIV-HBV in males (3.23%) differed significantly from that of females (8.51%). Highest coinfection (9.57%) was found among adult age group of 20 - 55, while no co-infection was found in teenager age group (13-19 years). Based on occupation, long distance drivers had highest coinfection of 8 (4.26%) while student had lowest prevalence of 2 (1.06%). Isolated anti-HBc among HIV individuals was found in 22 (11.7%) which was significantly high.
Conclusion: Since presence of Anti-HBc has been proved to be an indicator of occult hepatitis B which can cause liver cirrhosis and later lead to hepatocellular carcinoma therefore all patients attending HIV-clinic should also be tested for anti-HBc before commencement of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).