A Comprehensive Review on Sustainable Cultivation Practices of Medicinal Plants

The global demand for medicinal plants continues to grow, fueled by their integral role in both traditional and modern healthcare systems. However, this increasing demand has brought about challenges as unsustainable harvesting practices and habitat degradation threaten the future of these dynamic resources. Recognizing these risks, sustainable harvesting and cultivation have become critical strategies for safeguarding medicinal plants while still meeting the needs of those who rely on them. This review delves into the importance of sustainable practices, exploring how they contribute to the preservation of biodiversity, the health of ecosystems, and the socio-economic well-being of communities. We take a closer look at the principles guiding sustainable harvesting, identify the factors that lead to unsustainable practices, and discuss the ecological impacts of overharvesting. The review also explores the role of cultivation as a viable alternative to wild collection, showing how it can support wild populations, enhance genetic diversity and ease the strain on natural habitats. By bringing together current knowledge and best practices, this review seeks to advance the conversation on sustainable resource management. It encourages the adoption of methods that will ensure the continued availability of medicinal plants, preserving these precious resources for generations to come.