Effect of Zero Tillage on Soil Properties, Weed Dynamics and Performance of Chickpea under Rice –Chickpea Cropping System: A Review

In many nations across the world, farming is an important industry. Sustainable farming methods known as zero tillage systems entail planting seeds without tillage, which disturbs the soil. With this approach, crop residues from the previous year are left on the earth's surface and new plants are planted straight into the undisturbed soil, as opposed to plowing. This method aids in preserving the structure of the soil, decreasing soil erosion, retaining more water, and enhancing soil health. Farmers can benefit from enhanced soil health, decreased soil erosion, higher crop yields, and environmental sustainability by implementing sustainable farming practices. By limiting soil disturbance and shielding soil particles from the elements, this system aids in the reduction of soil erosion. Additionally contributes to improved soil structure, which raises soil fertility, and helps hold onto soil moisture, which lessens the need for irrigation. The amount of tillage and fuel used in zero-tillage systems can be less than in conventional tillage methods. In comparison to traditional tillage methods, systems require less fuel and tillage, which can save farmers money and lessen their carbon footprint. This is true because these systems raise soil organic matter levels, which in turn raise soil nutrient availability and improve soil fertility. Moreover, zero tillage systems can increase water retention in the soil, which can enhances crop growth and yield by improving soil structure and moisture retention, while also reducing weed competition. By reducing soil erosion, conserving soil moisture, and improving soil health, these systems help to promote environmental sustainability. Also reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing fuel usage and sequester carbon in the soil through the accumulation of crop residues. Therefore, farmers should adopt zero-tillage systems to enhance their productivity, reduce costs, and promote environmental sustainability.